Broaching machine



E. G. Rom-1MI 2,043,420

BROACHING MACHINE Filed Aug. 28, 1954 7 Sheets-Sheet l June 9, 1936.v

June 9, 1936.. E. G. RoEHM BROACHING MACHINE FiledlfAug. 28, 1934 '7 Sheets-Sheet 2 WUI June 9, 1936. E, G', ROEHM 2,043,420

BROACHING MACHINE Filed Aug. 28, 1954 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 June 9, 1936. E` G, RQEHM 2,043,420

BROACHING MACHINE Filed Aug. 28, 1934 '7 sheets-Sheet 4 /if'y/ Iig:

l ff I@ www o 'W Ja;

June A9, 1936. I E G. ROEHM 2,043,420

BROACHING MACHINE Filed Aug. 28, 1954 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 f4 liga] l IlIl Il|||||||||Il June 9, 1936. E. G. ROEHM BROACHING MACHINE '7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Aug. 28, 1954 Patented `lune 9,v 1936 y UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BRoAcnING MACHINE Erwin G. noehm, Norwood, ohio, assigner to The Cincinnati Milling Machine Co., Cincinnati, Chio, a corporation of Ohio Application August 2s, 1934, serian No. '141,821

20 Claims. (Cl. 941-33) This invention relates to improvements in ma- Figure is a sectional view as seen from line chine tools and particularly to improvements in lll-I0 on Figure 9. broaching machines of the surface type. Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 8 but The principal object of the invention is .the showing a further modification of a work pres- 5 provision of a broachng machine in which the entation mechanism. 5 idle time of the machine is reduced to an ab- Figure 12 is an elevational view of the parts solute minimum. shown in Figure 11, certain of them being illus-A Another object of the invention is the protratedin cross section to more clearly disclose the vision of a mechanism as described in the preconstruction. n l0 ceding paragraph in which a plurality of broach- Figure 13 is a side elevational View of the parts l0 ing tools are employed for alternate use for thereshown in Figure 12 as seen particularly from the by substantially, continuously producing articles left hand side thereof.

by the broaching method. A Figure 14 is a sectional view through the cool- A further object of the invention is the proviant supply mechanism as seen from line M-M 15 sion of a simplified actuating and control mechaon Figure 3. y l5 nism for effecting the operation of the broaching Figure 15 is a diagrammatic view illustrating tools whereby the mechanism employed in the the hydraulic circuits involved in this invention. complete machine is reduced to an absolute mini- Throughout the several views of the drawings mum for maximum production. similar reference characters are employed to de- Other objects and advantages of the present note the same or similar parts. 2Q invention should be readily apparent by refer- As mentioned above, this invention contemence tothe following specification, considered in plates a breaching machine in which the idle time conjunction with the accompanying drawings is reduced to an absolute minimum and therefore forming a part thereof and it is to be understood results in a maximum production. In general,

thatany modifications may be made in the exact this maximum production is accomplished by ef- 25 structural 'details there shown and described, fecting a cutting or broaching of the work while within the scope of the appended claims, without the ram is traveling through both strokes, that departing from or exceeding the spirit of the inis, its heretofore normal cutting stroke and idle vention. 1 or return stroke. To accomplish this result a In the drawings: plurality of work supports are therefore provided, 30

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a machine emone being used during the movement of the ram bodying improvements of this invention. in one direction and the other during the move- Figure 2 is a top plan view of the machine ment of the ram in the other direction. shown in Figure 1. Specifically, the machine or broach of this in- Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the mavention comprises a bed 20- having rising there- 35 chine shown in Figure 1 with certain parts broken from a column 2|, see Figure 3. The column exl away and shown in cross section to more clearly tends the lengthcf the bed and has formed thereillustrate the construction. in a guideway 22 in which is disposed a broach Figure "4 is a fragmentary sectional view ram 23. The ram 23 is held to its guide way 22 through one form of table actuating and clampby a pair of gibs 24 and 25. The ram 23 is sub- 40 ing mechanism. stantially U-shaped in cross section to provide a Figure 5 is a sectional view through the starthollow interior 2B in which is disposed the cylining and stopping valve as seen through line 5-5 der 21 being secured to the ram in any suitable on Figure 3. or desirable manner.

Figure 6 is a sectional view through the valve Within the cylinder is a piston 28 having pro- 45 operated and controlled by thework tables as jecting from each side thereof the hollow piston seen from line 6-6 on Figure 3. rods 29 and 30. The piston rods 29 and 30 re- Figure 'l is a sectional view through the control spectively pass through cylinder heads 3| and 32, valve controlled and operated by the broach ram each carrying a stufling box to prevent the esas seen from line 1--1 on Figure 2. cape of hydraulic pressure or the hydraulic medi- 50 Figure 8 is a fragmentary plan view of the um within the cylinders as will later be made machine illustrating a modification in a work clear. The outer ends of the piston rods 29 and presenting mechanism. 30 are respectively anchored or secured in arms Figure 9 is an elevational view of the parts or brackets 33 and 34, in turn secured to the sides -shown in Figure 8. l of the column and projecting therefrom. The hy- 55 draulic circuit and mechanism for actuating the piston 28 and therefore the broach ram 23 is shown in Figure 15 and will be described in detail later. As seen in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, the bed 28 is provided with an upper plate 35 in which is provided a pair of guideways receiving guide tongues 38 and 31 respectively projecting from work supporting tables 38 and 39. Each of the tables is held to its guideway by a pair o1 gibs 48 and 4|. The tables 38 and 39 are arranged relative to one another as shown in Figure 2 whereby when one table is at its inner or ,cutting position the other is at its outer` or retracted loading position. In order to keep the tables in line with one another and for simultaneously shifting the tables from one position to the other they have respectively secured to them racks 42 and 43 meshing with a rack gear 44 at diametrical points; The gear 44 is keyed or otherwise secured to a shaft 45, see Figure 3, rotatably mounted in a suitable bearing 46, see Figure 4. Below the bearing 46 the shaft 45 has further keyed or otherwise secured thereto a plate 41 having projecting from one face thereof one or more lugs 48 adapted to be engaged by similar lugs 49 extending upwardly from a gear 58. The gear 58 is rotatably journaled in a bearing 5| projecting from an inner wall of the bed 20. The lugs 48 and 49 are in effect clutch teeth whereby motion imparted to the gear 58 is transmitted to the gear 44 for shifting the work supporting tables 38 and 39 through the racks 42 and 43.

In order to rotate the gear 58 it has meshing therewith a'rack 52 secured to a cam plate 53. Projecting from one end of the cam plate 53 is a piston rod 54 carrying at its outer end a piston 55 enclosed within a suitable cylinder 56 supported in any desirable manner by the bed 20.

The hydraulic means for actuating the piston 55, and therefore the cam bar 53, is shown diagrammatically in Figure 15 and will be described in detail later.

The tables 38 and 39 are normally locked in their operative positions, whether that position is the inner cutting position or the outer loading position. For this purpose each slide is provided with a pair `of sockets 51 and 58, the former being utilized when the work tables are in their outer loading position, while the latter is employed when the tables are at their inner cutting position. Cooperating with the sockets of the table 39 is a plunger 59, while cooperating with the sockets in lthe-table 38 is a plunger 60. Each plunger is mounted for sliding movement in suitable bearings provided by the table plate 35 and each plunger has projecting therefrom a reduced portion 6| which is slidable through a lug 62 associated with the bed 28. Disclosed between the table lugs 82 and the shoulder on the plungers formed by the reduced portion 6| and encircling said reduced vportion 8| are springs 63 which yieldably shift the plungers to their locking position as shown in the drawings. In order to retract the locking plungers against the resistance of their respective spring 63, the said plungers are each provided with a notch 64 receiving the ball end 65 of a bell crank 66 pivotally mounted at 61 within the bed 28. 'Ihe bell cranks 66 are each provided at their other end with a roller 68 adapted to be engaged respectively by similar cam surfaces 69 and 19 on the cam bar 53, the cam faces 89 being utilized for retracting the plungers from the table sockets 51 to permit a shifting of the tables to their cutting positions `while the cam faces 10 retract the plungers from tables to their loading position.

In order to operate successively on work pieces von the tables the broach ram 23 has secured thereto a pair of broaching tools `1| and 12, the broaching tool 1| being adapted to operate on the work on the table 38, while the broaching tool 12 operates on the work on the table 39. In order to bring the work on the table 38 into proper proximity with the broaching tool 1| the said table has secured thereto a raising block shown in Figure 1 at 13 in phantom lines.

From the foregoing it will be noted that there has been provided a broaching machine in which the broaching ram is provided with a pair of broaching tools, one operating to effect a broaching cut, while traveling in one direction, while the other operates to effect a broaching cut when traveling in the other direction.

It will also be noted that there has been provided a pair of work supporting tables, one for each of the broaching rams and respectively employed for presenting a work piece to the different broaching tools.

The mechanism for effecting and controlling the operation of the broach ram and work tables is shown in Figure 15 and will now be described. During the description of the hydraulic circuit the various control valves will be described in detail as they are encountered and reference will be made to the various detailed views of such valves. Accordingly, there is provided, preferably within the bed of the machine, a sump or tank 14 adapted to contain the medium, preferably oil, utilized in the hydraulic circuit. Disposed within the machine or adjacent thereto, see

Figure 3, is a motor and pump unit 15 having extending from one side thereof a suction pipe 16 which terminates in the tank 14. From the other side of the pump is the discharge or pressure pipe 11 terminating in the start and stop valve mechanism indicated in general in Figure 15 by the reference numeral 18. A branch pipe or conduit 19 extends from the pressure pipe 11 and terminates in the tank 14 and has therein a relief valve 88 which is utilized for establishing the pressure in the system. The starting and stopping valve 18 is shown structurally in Figure 5 and as there shown comprises a valve casing 8| secured in any desirable manner to the inner surface of the front wall of the bed 28. Pressed into the casing 8| is a valve bushing 82 having formed therethrough a plurality of sets of radial ports 83, 84, 85, 86, 81 and 88, each set of ports being encircled by a. similar circumferential groove 89 formed in the exterior of the bushing 82. Disposed within the bore in the bushing 82 is a valve member 90 having formed thereon a plurality of piston portions forming between them reduced portions or cannelures 9|, 92 and 93 adapted to connect the radial ports in different combinations, depending upon the position of the valve member.

The valve member 98 has two operative positions, one as shown in Figures 5 and 15 and the other to the left of this position. In order to shift the valve member it is provided with a stem 94 having formed therein a notch or slide 95 receiving ball end 96 of the arm 0r i'ingerv end with the base of a spring guard secured to the valve block 3| In order to hold the valve member in this position the valve stem 90 is provided with a second notch |02 receiving the nose |03 of a spring pressed detent or plunger |90. The plunger |04 just behind the nose |03 is provided with a shoulder |35 adapted to be engaged by a finger |06 projecting from the arm 51 and overlying the said shoulder |05. It will be noted that the notch or slot 05 is somewhat larger than the ball end 96 of the arm 91, thereby providing a certain amount of lost motion. This lost motion is utilized for retracting the locking plunger |00, thereby permitting'ithe spring |00 to shift the valve member 90 from its starting or running position to its stop position. At the same time, should the spring be insufcient for shifting the valve member to its stop position the arm 91 may be utilized through the medium of the handle 99 for shifting the valve.

By reference to Figure l5 it will be noted that the ports 86 of the bushing 32 have connected therewith the end of the pressure pipe or conduit 11, while the ports 83 and 81 have respectively connected therewith pipes or conduits which terminate in a pipe or conduit |01, in turn emptying into a pipe or conduit |08 that terminates in the sump or tank 10. The ports 05 and 08 have respectively connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit |09 and ||0 which terminate at their other ends in the valve mechm anism indicated in general in Figure l5 by the reference numeral The remaining bushing ports 80 have connected therewith. one end of a pipe or conduit ||2 which terminates at its other end in valve mechanism indicated in general in Figure l5 by the reference numeral ||3.

The valve mechanism is shown structurn ally in Figure 6 and may be term'ed the reversing valve for the breaching ram, although it is under the control and operated by the table actuating mechanism. As seen in Figure 6, the valve mechanism comprises a valve casing 0, which similar to the valve casing 8| is secured to the inner surface of the forward wall of the bed 20, see Figure 3. Pressed into the valve casing l0 is a valve bushing ||5 having formed therethrough a plurality of sets of 1jadial ports'||6, ||1, H8, ||9, |20 and |2|, each set of ports being encircled by a similar circumferential groove |22 formed in the exterior of the bushing ||5. Disposed within the bore in the valve bushing ||5 is a valve member |23 having formed thereon a plurality of piston portions forming therebetween reduced. portions or cannelures |24 and |25. The reduced portions or cannelures of the valve member |23 are adapted to connect the bushing ports in different combinations, depending upon the position of the valve relative thereto.

The valve member |23 has two positions, the one as shown in Figures 6 and 15 and the second a position to the right thereto. In order to shift the valve member |23 it has projecting therefrom a valve stem |26 in which is formed a transverse slot or notch |21. Received in the slot or notch |21 is the ball end |28 `of a valve shifter arm |29, keyed or otherwise secured to an oscillatable shaft |30 journaled in the walls of the valve casing ||4. The shaft |21 projects beyond one of the casing walls and to said projection is secured a lever |3| having its end |32 disposed in the space between shifter dogs |33 and |34. The dogs |33 and |34 are here shown as collars fastened in any desirable manner to a. rod |35. As seen in Figure 4, the rod |35 is supported by a pair of brackets |36 and |31 secured to and depending from the underside of the cam bar 53. From this it will be seen that the valve member |23 is shifted to its opposite operative positions after each shifting of the work tables 38 and 39, andas will later be made clear this shifting of the valve member |23 initiates the movement of the broach ram 23.

In order to determine the operative position of the valve member |23 the shaft |30 within the casing ||0 has pinned or otherwise secured to it a plate |38 having formed therein a pair of notches |39 and |00 which are adapted to receive the tapered nose |0| of a detent |02. The detent |02 is pivotally mounted to one wall of the casing l0 and actuated about its pivot to maintain the nose 0| in engagement with the plate |38 by a spring pressed plunger |03. The plunger |03 is carried in a suitable holder |00 let into the lower wall of the casing ||0.

By reference to Figure 15 it will be seen that' ports ||1 and |20 of the bushing ||5 have respectively connected therewith the other ends of pipes or conduits ||0 and |09. The remaining four ports H6, ||8, ||9 and |2| have respectively connected therewith one end of pipes or conduits |05, |06, |01 and |00 all of which terminate at their other ends in the valve mechanisrn H3.

The valve mechanism ||3 is shown structural` -secure the same to the upper surface of the column 2|. Pressed into the casing |09 is a valve bushing |5| having formed therethrough a plurality of sets of radial ports |52, |53, |50, |55, |56, |51, |58, |59, |60, |6| and |62, each set of ports being encircled by a similar circumferential groove |63 formed in the exterior of the bushing |51. Disposed within the bore in the bushing |5| is a valve member |60 having formed thereon a plurality of piston portions forming between them reduced portions or cannelures |65, |35, |61 and |68 which are adapted to connect the sets of radial ports in different combinations, depending upon` the position of the valve member |60.

The valve member |60 has two operative positions, one as shown in Figures '1 and l5, and a second position to the right of that shown. In order to shift the valve member |60 it has projecting from one end thereof a valve stem |10 in which is formed a transverse notch or slot l1! receiving therein the ball end |12 of a shifter arm|13. .The arm |13 is keyed or otherwise secured' to an oscillatable shaft |14 oscillatably journaled in the walls of the valve 'casing |09 and beyond the forward wall thereof the said shaft projects. Keyed or otherwise secured to the said projecting portion of the shaft |14 is a flipper dog |15 having integral therewith laterally offset wings |16 and |11. The wings |16 and 11 are respectively adapted to be engaged by dogsv |18 and |19 adjustably secured to the upper surface of the broach ram 23. From the foregoing it will be noted that the valve member |60 is thrown at each end of the broach ram stroke, and as will later be made clear, inimechanism which comprises a plate member I 80, keyed or otherwise secured to the oscillatable shaft |14 and disposed within the casing |49. The plate |80 is provided with a pair of notches |8| and |82 between which isa lug |83 having the sides thereof extending from the apex of the lug to the notches |8| and |82 which are formed to act as cam faces. Cooperating with the plate |80 is a detent or firing dog |84 pivotally mounted at |85 within the casing |49. -Engaging the rear surface of the dog 84 is a spring pressed plunger |86. The plunger |86 is mounted in a socket in a carrier |81 in which is also disposed a spring |88 contacting on one end with the plunger and on the other end with the base of the socket.

The operation of the valve shifting mechanism just described is as follows: It will be noted that there is lost motion between the walls of the slot |1| in the valve stem and the ball end |12 of the shifter arm |13. As the broach ram reaches the end of its str'oke, one of the dogs thereon engages this flipper for oscillating the shaft |14. This oscillation rst takes up the lost motion above referred to and at the same time through one of the faces on the plate |80 actuates the firing dog |84 upwardly until the apex |83 is reached, at this time compressing or loading the spring |88 and therefore the dog |84. As soon as the apex between the cam faces is passed the spring |88 expands or fires, thereby through the dog |84 and other cam face completes the shifting of the valve member |64.

As seen in Figure 15, the ports |60, |59, |51, and |62 of the bushing 5| have respectively connected therewith the other terminus of the pipes or conduits |45, |46, |41, and |48, extending from the valve mechanism The ports |54 have connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit |89 which has its other end connected to the pressure pipe or conduit 09, while the ports |53 and |55 have respectively connected therewith pipes or conduits |90 and |9| respectively terminating at the left and right hand ends of the tables actuating cylinder 56. The ports |52 and |56 have respectively connected therewith branch discharge conduits emptying into the pipe or conduit ||2 which extends from the starting and stopping valve mechanism 18. The remaining ports |58 and |6| have respectively connected therewith one end of pipes or conduits |92 and |93 respectively terminating at the outer ends of hollow piston rods 29 and 30 for thereby delivering the pressure medium to the left and right hand-end of the broach ram cylinder 21. The operation of the machine through one complete cycle is as follows and assuming the parts to be substantially in the positions shown in the drawings:

It will be noted that the starting and stopping valve member |90 has been shifted to its right hand position and latched in this position by the spring pressed latch |03. At this time the pump pressure conduit |11 is connected with the pipe or conduit |09. With the valve mechanism |3 in the position shown the pressure in pipe 09, and therefore pipe or conduit |89, is connected with the pipe or conduit |90 and the tablesactuating cylinder 56 for shifting the piston 55 therein to the left. This movement of the piston places the work tables 39 and 38 in the positions shown in Figure 2, that is, with the table 39 in a retracted position to have an unnished work piece secured thereto and table 38 in a forward or cutting position. As soon as the tables are properly positioned one of the dogs |33 or |34 effects the movement of valve member |23 of valve mechanism to the position shown in Figure 15.

With the valve mechanism in the position shownin Figure the pressure in the pipe or conduit |09 is connected with the pipe or conduit |41 which in turn through the valve mechanism |3 is connected with the pipe or conduit |92 and the hollow piston rod 29. This introduces the pressure against the left hand head of the broach of the ram cylinder 21 for shifting same and therefore the ram to the left, causing the broaching tool 1| to operate on the work on work table 38. This movement of the ram continues until the cutting stroke is completed, whereupon the dog |18 on the ram through the valve shifting mechanism, including the flipper dog |15, shifts the valve member |64 to its right hand position.

The shifting of the valve member |64 to its right hand position disconnects the branch pressure pipe or conduit |89 from the pipe or conduit 9| and connects it with the pipe or conduit |90 and therefore the left hand end of the tables cylinder 56 for shifting the piston 55 therein to the right. The movement of the piston 55 to the right through the rack bar actuated thereby shifts the work tables to the opposite positions from that shown in Figure 2, that is, with the table 39 now in the cutting position and the table 38 in the retracted or work loading position. As soon as the tables are completely shifted the other of the dogs |33 and |34 reversely shift the valve member |23 of the valve mechanism It will be appreciated that the shifting of the valve member |64 when the ram reached its left hand position disconnected the pressure in the pipe or conduit |09 from the pipe or conduit |41 and thereby stopped the movement of the ram in its left hand position. The shifting of the valve member 23 of the valve mechanism to its left hand position connects the pressure in the pipe or conduit |09 with the pipe or conduit 48, thereby connecting the pressure through the valve mechanism ||3 with the pipe or conduit |93 and hollow piston rod 30 and therefore the right hand end of the broach cylinder 21, This effects the movement of the ram 23 to the right, causing at this time the broach tool 12 to operate on the work piece on the table 39. As soon as the ram reaches its right hand position the dog |19 thereon through the flipper dog |15 shifts the valve mechanism 3 to the position shown in Figure 15, thereby connecting the pressure in branch pressure conduit |89 with the tables actuating cylinder 56 for shifting the parts to the position shown in the drawings, whereupon a repetition of the cycle just described will ensue.

As is usual, coolant is directed on the work and tool during the cutting or tooling operation and since the work tables are spaced from one another a distance, it would be impractical t0 have a single coolant delivery nozzle for both tables and to supply a single nozzle of a length suicient to take care of the work on both tables would interfere with the loading of the retracted table and cause considerable splashing thereof. To overcome these objections there has been provided a pair of delivery nozzles, one for each table, together with automatic means for directing the coolant to the nozzle whose table is being utilized. The means for accomplishing this is shown in Figure 15 and comprises a coolant tank |94 which is preferably within the bed 20. Disposed adjacent the tank 194 is a circulating pump i35'having extending therefrom a suction pipe 196 which terminates in the sump or tank 192. Extending from the discharge side of the pump 195 is the pressure pipe or conduit |91 having therein a. relief valve 198 which determines the pressure in the pipe or conduit i91. The pressure pipe or conduit |31 terminates in a distributor valve mechanism indicated in general in Figure by the reference numeral 199.

The distributor valve mechanism 139 is shown structurally in Figure 14 and comprises a casing 222 secured as seen in Figure 3 to the inner surface of the forward wall of the bed 21]. The Valve casing 229 is provided with a bore therein, the opposite ends of which are closed by heads 231 and 222, the latter containing a stuffing box through which valve rod 223 passes. The valve rod 223 is provided on its inner end Within the valve casing 202 with a piston valve 222 which closely hugs the Wall of the bore to prevent the escape of fluid thereby. The valve casing 222 is provided with three ports-225. located substantially centrally of the length of the valve, and ports 223 and 221 disposed one on either side of the port 225 lso far as the length of the casing is concerned. It is with the ports 225 that the pressure conduit 191 is connected, while the ports 223 and 221 have respectively connected therewith on'e end of pipes 223 and 239 which terminate as seen in Figure 1 in coolant nozzles 213 and 2li located respectively above the Work .tables 39 and 33. A

With the piston valve 222 at one end of its movement the pipe or conduit 131 is connected with the pipe or conduit 222, while with the said valve at the other end of its movement the pipe or conduit 131 is connected with the pipe or conduit 229. In order to shift the piston valve 232 the outer end of the piston rod 223 has pinned or otherwise secured to it a finger 212 which is adapted to be engaged alternately by the dogs 133 and i32 for shifting the said valve.

The parts are so arranged that the piston valve 222 automatically contacts the proper position vfor connecting the coolant with the table whose work piece is being operated upon. For this reason the same dogs are utilized that are operated by the tables shifting means, therefore as the position of the tables is reversed the ow of the coolant is reversed through the nozzles 212 and 2i i.

In Figures 8, 9 and 10 there is illustrated a modified work supporting and presenting mecha- 'nism which instead of effecting a reciprocation of the work relative to the machine oscillates a suitable carrier member. Specifically, this mechanism comprises a'vertical shaft 213 which acts as a trunnion for carrier 212. The trunnion 213 is held in operative position by the bracket 215 and plate 216. The carrier 212 has in effect a pair of arms 211 and 213 projecting laterally rel- 4 ative thereto and upon which is formed work supporting surfaces 219 and 222 disposed at different elevations to accommodate the spacing of the broach tools 1i and 12. The arms 211 and 213 and therefore their work supporting surfaces are angularly disposed to one another as seen in Figure 8 whereby when the carrier member 212 is oscillated to one position the work on one of the supporting surfaces is adjacent the cutting tool while the other work support is retracted therefrom to permit a replacement of the work.

In order to oscillate the carrier 2M use is made of the tables moving piston and valve mechanism A 55-56 for axially shiftinga rack bar 22i which is slideable through suitable bearings provided by the bed or a suitable bracket carried thereby. The teeth of the rack bar 221 meshes with 5 those of a rack pinion 222 keyed or otherwise secured to a vertical shaft 223. The shaft 223 has secured to its upper end a gear 222 integral with or secured thereto a disc 225. The disc 225 Las projecting therefrom an eccentric pin 225 for l0 oscillation with the disc 225. Secured to the carrier member 212 by any desirable means is a plate 221 having formed therein a slot 228, see Figure 8, which is adapted to receive the eccentric pin 222 of the disc 225.

Meshing with the upper rack or gear 222 is' a rack bar 229 adapted to lock the carrier in either of its two operative positions. For this purpose the ends of the rack bar 229 are provided with a notch to simultaneously engage the upper sur- 20 fase of blocks 232 carried by the member 2 l2 and blocks 23i secured to the bed 23. It will be noted that there is 1ost"motion between the eccentric pin 226 and the notch in the actuating plate 221 which is utilized for effecting the initial shift- 25' ing of the rack bar 229, thereby unclamping the member 2i2 before eecting its oscillation. Also, this lost motion is employed after the member,Y has been oscillated to eect the locking or clamping thereof.

The operation of this modified work presenting mechanism is believed obvious since a movement of the piston in one direction will rotate or oscillate the shaft 223, and therefore the disc its which through its pin and the S101; 22a in ,the 35 plate 221 effects the corresponding oscillation of the member 212 and the work pieces carried thereby. It will also be appreciated that reverse movement of the piston 55 reversely shifts the parts. In Figures 11, 12 and 13 a further modification of a work supporting and presenting mechanism; is shown which is somewhat similar to the mechanism disclosed in Figures 8 to 10 inclusive.

Specically, this mechanism comprises a bracket member 232 in the form of a standard being bolted to the bed plate 35 and further secured in position by means of a top plate 233 extending rigidly from the top of the bed column 2i. The standard 232 has secured thereto a cross beam 232 provided at opposite ends with cylindrical bearings 235 and 235. Disposed on the bed plate 35 in front of the standard 232 is a gear box 231. Rotatably mounted in the box 231 is a shaft 238 having secured thereto in spaced relation bevel gears 239 and 221). The gears 239 and 229 respectively mesh with bevel pinions 221 and 222 respectively secured to the ends of shafts 223 and 222. The shafts 223 and 222 are rotatably journaled in the bearings 235 and 236, as well as suitable bearings provided by the box 231. Each of the shafts 223 and 222 has respectively keyed to it between the beam bearings 235 and 236 and the gear box bearings a cradle arm 225 and 226. The cradle arms 225 and 225 have respectively formed thereon a work supporting surface 221 and 222 to which work pieces are bolted. Each of the arms is swingable between a loading positionthat in which the arm 225 is shown in Figure 11 to an operative or cutting position, that 70 in which 226 is shown in Figure 11. This movement or oscillation of the arms is effected by a similar oscillation of the vertical shaft 238 through the gears 239 and 24|] thereon and the companion pinions on the shafts 23 and 22.

In order to oscillate the shaft 238 it has secured to its lower end an arm 250 from which depends a pin 25| adapted to enter an angular slot 252 formed in cross head 253. The cross head 253 is secured to the outer end of a piston rod 254 carrying on its inner end the tables actuating piston 55 referred to. It will be seen, as will be appreciated from Figure 11, that a movement of the piston 55 to the left correspondingly actuates the cross head 253 which through the cam slot 252 and pin 25| oscillates the shaft 238 and since the gears thereon have the pinions on opposite sides thereof they will reversely oscillate the cradle arms 245 and 246 for shifting one Work piece from proximity with the broaching tools and shifting the other into proximity therewith.

From the foregoing it will be noted that there has been provided a broaching machine which effects a surface broaching operationi with the ram traveling in either direction and thereby effecting the maximumproduction from the machine with a minimum of lost time. It will also be noted that the machine when once set in operation is automatic for alternately presenting work pieces to the broaching rams and automatically reversing the movement of the rams.

What is claimed is:

1. In a machine tool organization the combination of a bed, a tool ram mounted thereon for reciprocation in opposite directions and supportlng a pair of oppositely disposed broaches shiftable by the ram for performance of a cutting operation whereby one is operable when the ram is moving in one direction and the other is operable when the ram is moving in the other direction, a work supporting mechanism adapted to support a pair of work pieces and means to shift said work supporting mechanism for alternately presenting said work pieces to the broaches as the broaches are moved in opposite directions.

2. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of a bed, a broach ram mounted thereon for translation in opposite directions, a pair of broaching tools secured to the ram with their broach teeth oppositely disposed as respects the stroke of the broach and alternately operative when the yram is translated in opposite directions, a pair of work supports each having a position remote from the ram and a position adjacent thereto, and automatic means for simultaneously shifting one work support to its remote inoperative position and the other to its operative position whereby a work piece is being operated upon during opposite translations of the ram.

3. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of a bed, a broach ram mounted thereon for translation in opposite directions, a pair of broaching tools secured to the ranrwith their broach teeth oppositely disposed as respects the stroke of the broach and alternately operative when the ram is translated in opposite directions, a pair of work supports each having a position remote from the ram and a position adjacent thereto, automatic means for simultaneously shifting one work support to its remote inoperative position and the other to its operative position whereby a Work piece is being operated upon during opposite translations of the ram, and automatic means for reversely translating the broach and alternately, simultaneously shifting the work supports.

4. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of a bed, a broach ram mounted thereon for translation in opposite directions, a pair of broaching tools secured to the ram and oppositely disposed whereby they alternately have a tooling movement when the ram is translated in opposite directions, a pair of work supports each having a position remote from the ram and a position adjacent thereto, automatic means for simultaneously shifting one work support to its remote inoperative position and the other to its operative position whereby a Work piece is being operated upon during opposite translations of the ram, automatic means for reversely translating the broach and alternately, simultaneously shifting the work supports, and means interlocking the ram actuating means and work supports actuating means whereby their operation is effected in sequential order.

5. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of a bed, a ram mounted on said bed for translation through a cutting stroke in one direction and translation in a reverse direction through a cutting stroke, a hydraulic motor for effecting the reverse translations of the broach ram, a pair of work supporting tables, one having a position remote f rom the ram and the other having a position adjacent the ram when the ram is traveling in one direction and each having the opposite position when the ram is traveling in the other direction, and means for effecting the simultaneous positioning of the Work tables prior to each reversal of the ram.

6. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of a bed, a ram mounted on said bed for translation through a cutting stroke in one direction and translation in a reverse direction through a cutting stroke, an hydraulic motor for effecting the reverse translations' of the broach ram, a pair of work supporting tables, one having a position remote from the ram and the other having a position adjacent the ram when the ram is traveling in one direction and each having the opposite position when the. ram is traveling in the other direction, means for effecting the simultaneous positioning of the work tables prior to each reversal of the ram, including an hydraulic motor.

7. In a broaching machine of the class described the combinationof a bed, a ram mounted on said bed for translation through a cutting stroke in one direction and translation in a reverse direction through a cutting stroke, an hydraulic motor for effecting the reverse translations of the broach ram, a pair of work supporting tables, one having a position remote from the ram and the other having a position adjacent the ram when the ram is traveling in one direction and each having the opposite position when the ram is traveling in the other direction, means for effecting the simultaneous positioning of the work tables prior to each reversal of the ram including an hydraulic motor, an hydraulic circuit for actuating the ram and table motors, and means for alternately connecting the hydraulic circuit with the ram motor and tables actuating motor.

8. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of a bed, a ram mounted on said bed for translation through a cutting stroke in one direction and translation in a reverse direction through a cutting stroke, an hydraulic motor for effecting the reverse translations of the broach ram, a pair of work supporting tables, one having a position remote from the ram and the other having a position adjacent the ram when the ram is traveling in one direction and each having the opposite position when the ram 75 is traveling in the other direction, means for effecting the simultaneous positioning of the work tables prior to each reversal of the ram including an hydraulic motor, an hydraulic circuit for actuating the ram and table motors, means for alternately connecting the hydraulic circuit with the ram motorand table actuating motor including a pair of valves one of which is controlled by the ram for eiecting the operation of the table motor While the other is actuated by the tables for controlling the operation of the ram motor.

9. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of a bed, a ram mounted thereon for reciprocation relative thereto in opposite directions, a pair of broaching tools secured to said ram, one operation when the ram is moving in one direction and the other operable When the ram is moving in the other direction, a hydraulic motor for actuating the ram, a wo-rk supporting mechanism for presenting a work piece to each of said tools when traveling through its cutting stroke, a second hydraulic motor for actuating the Work supporting mechanism, a hydraulic circuit for actuating said hydraulic motors including a pair of valves one operable by the ram at each end of its reciprocatory stroke to effect the operation of the work supporting motor and the other operable by the Work support to ef'ect the operation of the broach motor. V

l0. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of a bed, a ram mounted thereon for reciprocation relative thereto in opposite directions, a pair of broaching tools secured to said ram, one operable when the ram is moving in one direction and the other operable when the ram is moving in the other direction, an hydraulic motor for actuating the ram, a work supporting mechanism for presenting a work piece to each of said tools when traveling through its cutting stroke, a second hydraulic motor for actu'- atlng the Work supporting mechanism, an hydraulic circuit for actuating said hydraulic motors including a pair of valves one operable by the ram at each end of its reciprocatory stroke to effeet the operation of the work supporting motor and the other operable by the work support to eect the operation of the broach motor, and a starting and stopping valve in the hydraulic circuit for controlling the flow therethrough.

l1. In a broaching machine the combination of a bed, a broach ram mounted on the bed for translation relative thereto, an hydraulic motor for effecting the translation of the ram in opposite directions, a rst cuttingtool secured to the broach ram and movable through a cutting stroke thereby on movement of the ram in one direction', a second cutting tool secured to the broach ram and movable through a cutting stroke thereby l upon movement of the ram in the opposite direction, .a Work supporting mechanism adapted when in one position for presenting a first work piece to the rst tool while being actuated through its cutting stroke and for supporting a second Work piece for presentation to the second tool while being actuated through its cutting stroke in the opposite direction, and means for eiecting the operation of the work supporting mechanism alternately to present the Work pieces in operative relation to their respective tools.

12. In a broaching machine the combination of a bed, a broach ram mounted on the bed for translation relative thereto, an hydraulic motor for effecting the translation of the ram in opposite directions, a first cutting tool secured to the broach ram and movable through a cutting stroke thereby, a second cutting tool secured to the broach ram and movable through a cutting stroke thereby, a work supporting mechanism adapted when in one position for presenting a rst Work piece to the ,rst tool while being actuated through its cutting stroke and for supporting a second Work piece for presentation to the second tool While being actuated through its cutting stroke, means for effecting the operation of the Work supporting mechanism, and means for interlocking `the ram actuating means and the work support actuating means whereby they are operated in timed sequence.

13. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of a bed, of a broach ram mounted thereon for translation relative thereto, a first cutter secured to the ram and operable during the movement of the ram through a cutting stroke, a second cutter secured to the ram and operable through a cutting stroke, a Work supporting mechanism adapted to support a rst Work piece for presentation to the first cutter While moving through its cutting stroke and adapted to support a second work piece for presentation to the second cutter While moving through its cutting stroke, and automatic means operable by the ram and Work supporting mechanism for shifting the work support to present the rst Work piece to its cutter and initiate a movement of the ram, stop the movement of the ram and actuate the Work support to presentthe second Work piece to the second cutter, and again initiate a movement of the ram.

1i.` In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of a bed, of a broach ram mounted thereon for translation relative thereto, a first cutter secured to the ram and operable during the movement of the ram through a cutting stroke, a second cutter secured to the ram and operable through a cutting stroke, a Work supporting mechanism adapted to support arst Work piece for presentation to the iirst cutter While moving through its cutting stroke and adapted to support a second work piece for presentation to the Second cutter While moving through its cutting stroke, automatic means operable by the ram and Work supporting mechanism for shifting the work support to. present the rst Work piece to its cutter and initiate a movement of the ram, stop the movement of the ram and actuate the work support to present the second work piece to the second cutter, and again initiate a movement of the ram, including an independent hydraulic motor for the ram and Work support, an hydraulic circuit for actuating the motors, and a pair of reversing valves one for each of the motors and respectively actuated by the ram for controlling the operation of the work support and by the Work support for controlling the operation of the ram.

15. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of a bed, of a broach ram mounted thereon for translation relative thereto, a first cutter secured to the ram and operable during the movement of the ram through a cutting stroke, a second cutter secured to therarn and operable through a cutting stroke, a Work supporting mechanism adapted to vsupport a iirst Work piece for presentation to the rst cutter while moving through its cutting stroke and adapted to support a second Work piece for 75 presentation to the second cutter while moving through its cutting stroke, automatic means operable by the ram and work supporting mechanism for shifting the work support to present the irst work piece to its cutter and initiate a movement of the ram, stop the movement of the ram and actuate tlie,work support to present the second work piece to the second cutter, and again initiate a movement of the ram, including an independent hydraulic motor for the ram and Work support, an hydraulic circuit for actuating the motors, a pair of reversing valves one for each of the motors and respectively actuated by the ram for controlling the operation of the work support and by the work support for controlling the operation of the ram, and a starting and stopping valve in the hydraulic circuit for initiating and stopping the flow therein to correspondingly initiate and stop the operation of the machine.

16. In a broaching machine of the class de scribed the combination of a bed, of a broach ram mounted thereon for translation relative thereto, a first cutter secured to the ram and operable during the movement of the ram through a cutting stroke, a second cutter secured to the ram and operable through a cutting stroke, a work supporting mechanism adapted to support a first work piece for presentation to the first cutter while moving through its cutting stroke and adapted to support a second work piece for presentation to the second cutter while moving through its cutting stroke, automatic means operable by the ram and work supporting mechanism for shifting the work support to present the first work piece to its cutter and initiate a movement of the ram, stop the movement of the ram and actuate the work support to present the second work piece to the second cutter, and again initiate a movement of the ram, including an independent hydraulic motor for the ram and work support, an hydraulic circuit for actuating the motors, a pair of reversing valves one for each of the motors and respectively actuated by the ram for controlling the operation of the work support and by the work support for controlling vthe operation of the ram, a starting` and stopping valve in the hydraulic circuit for initiating and stopping the liow therein to correspondingly initiate and stop the operation of the machine, and a coolant distribution sys- `tern for automatically directing coolant to the cutter. passing through its cutting stroke.

17. A broaching machine including a bed, a broaching ram supported by the bed for translation relative thereto, a pair of work supports carried by the bed and alternately movable in a direction toward and from the ram, a pair of oppositely disposed broaches carried by the ram and both laterally and longitudinally olf-set with respect to each other an amount corresponding to the oir-set relationship of the pair of work supports, and means for alternately imparting a feeding movement in opposite directions to the ram and its associated broaches whereby a substantially continuous broaching is effected on successive work pieces, substantially as described.

18. A broaching machine of the character described including a bed and a. ram reciprocable on the bed, a pair of staggered oppositely disposed broaches carried by the ram and reciprocable therewith, means for supporting a pair of work pieces in staggered offset relation in correspondence with the relationship of the broaches, and means for alternately moving an individual work support into position for operative engagement of a work piece thereon by an individual broach during its cutting stroke and for retracting the same out of the path of broach movement during the non-cutting stroke of the broach.

19. A broaching machine oi' the character described including a bed and a ram reciprocable on the bed, a pair of staggered oppositely disposed broaches carried by the ram and reciprocable therewith, means for supporting a pair 'of work pieces in staggered offset relation in correspondence with the relationship. of the broaches, means for alternately moving an individual work support into position for operative engagement of a work piece thereon by an individual broach during its cutting stroke and for retracting the same out of the path of broach movement during the non-cutting stroke of the broach, and means operable by movement of an individual work piece into tooling position for initiating a tooling movement of the associated broach with respect thereto.

20. In a broaching machine of the character described, the combination with a reciprocable broach ram, of means for eiecting a reciprocation thereof in opposite directions and at a. tooling rate in both directions, a pair of oppositely disposed broaches carried by the ram, whereby one of said broaches may effect a tooling operation during each direction of movement oi.' the ram, a pair of work supporting members having work support portions extending into alignment with the respective broaches on the ram for individual presentation of Work pieces to the respective broaches, means supporting said members for movement toward and from the broaches on the ram, means interconnecting said members whereby one of said members is retracted with respect to the ram as the other member is moved toward the ram, locking devices for securing said members in operative relation to the ram, and a control mechanism including an hydraulic motor and power connections between the hydraulic motor and the locking devices and between the hydraulic motor and the member shifting means, whereby actuation of the motor will successively release the locking devices and alternately shift the Work supporting members.

ERWIN G. ROEHM. 

